Occupational defined benefit landscape in the UK 2025 annex

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Section 1: Number of private schemes

Figure 1.1 Table 1: Distribution of schemes by status

Status	Number of Schemes	Percentage of Total
A: Open	170	3%
B: CTNM	910	18%
C: CTFA	3,720	74%
D: Winding Up	260	5%
Total	5,060	100%

Figure 1.2 Table 1: Distribution of schemes by status and year, total values

Year	A: Open	B: CTNM	C: CTFA	D: Winding Up	Total
2012	830	2,680	2,990	800	7,300
2013	780	2,390	3,200	610	6,980
2014	700	2,210	3,300	440	6,650
2015	460	2,220	3,340	380	6,400
2016	420	2,030	3,430	320	6,200
2017	340	1,900	3,480	250	5,970
2018	310	1,700	3,590	210	5,810
2019	280	1,560	3,660	200	5,700
2020	250	1,430	3,730	190	5,600
2021	230	1,310	3,770	210	5,520
2022	210	1,200	3,760	200	5,370
2023	200	1,080	3,790	220	5,290
2024	180	990	3,790	230	5,190
2025	170	910	3,720	260	5,060

Figure 1.2 Table 2: Distribution of schemes by status and year, yearly percentage

Year	A: Open	B: CTNM	C: CTFA	D: Winding Up	Total
2012	11%	37%	41%	11%	100%
2013	11%	34%	46%	9%	100%
2014	11%	33%	50%	7%	100%
2015	7%	35%	52%	6%	100%
2016	7%	33%	55%	5%	100%
2017	6%	32%	58%	4%	100%
2018	5%	29%	62%	4%	100%
2019	5%	27%	64%	3%	100%
2020	5%	25%	67%	3%	100%
2021	4%	24%	68%	4%	100%
2022	4%	22%	70%	4%	100%
2023	4%	20%	72%	4%	100%
2024	4%	19%	73%	4%	100%
2025	3%	18%	74%	5%	100%

Figure 1.3 Table 1: Distribution of schemes by status and year excluding hybrid schemes, total values

Year	A: Open	B: CTNM	C: CTFA	D: Winding Up	Total
2012	750	2,090	2,170	670	5,680
2013	700	1,880	2,380	500	5,460
2014	630	1,780	2,520	360	5,290
2015	390	1,820	2,540	310	5,060
2016	360	1,690	2,690	270	5,010
2017	290	1,610	2,740	220	4,860
2018	260	1,440	2,830	180	4,710
2019	230	1,340	2,980	180	4,730
2020	210	1,240	3,060	170	4,680
2021	200	1,140	3,100	190	4,630
2022	190	1,040	3,130	180	4,540
2023	180	930	3,160	210	4,480
2024	170	850	3,190	200	4,410
2025	160	780	3,140	240	4,320

Figure 1.3 Table 2: Distribution of schemes by status and year excluding hybrid schemes, yearly percentage

Year	A: Open	B: CTNM	C: CTFA	D: Winding Up	Total
2012	13%	37%	38%	12%	100%
2013	13%	34%	44%	9%	100%
2014	12%	34%	48%	7%	100%
2015	8%	36%	50%	6%	100%
2016	7%	34%	54%	5%	100%
2017	6%	33%	56%	5%	100%
2018	5%	31%	60%	4%	100%
2019	5%	28%	63%	4%	100%
2020	5%	26%	65%	4%	100%
2021	4%	25%	67%	4%	100%
2022	4%	23%	69%	4%	100%
2023	4%	21%	71%	5%	100%
2024	4%	19%	72%	5%	100%
2025	4%	18%	73%	5%	100%

Figure 1.4 Table 1: Distribution of schemes by status and membership group, total values

Membership Group	A: Open	B: CTNM	C: CTFA	D: Winding Up	Total
A: 2 - 99	40	320	1,430	160	1,940
B: 100 - 999	60	370	1,640	80	2,150
C: 1,000 - 4,999	40	130	470	20	660
D: 5,000 - 9,999	20	40	80	10	150
E: 10,000 +	20	50	100	0	160

Figure 1.4 Table 2: Distribution of schemes by status and membership group, yearly percentage

Membership Group	A: Open	B: CTNM	C: CTFA	D: Winding Up	Total
A: 2 - 99	2%	16%	74%	8%	100%
B: 100 - 999	3%	17%	76%	4%	100%
C: 1,000 - 4,999	6%	20%	71%	3%	100%
D: 5,000 - 9,999	12%	28%	56%	4%	100%
E: 10,000 +	10%	29%	60%	1%	100%

Section 2: Memberships of private schemes

Figure 2.1 Table 1: Distribution of membership by status

Status	Active	Deferred	Pensioner	Number of memberships	Percentage of memberships
A: Open	453,000	469,000	313,000	1,235,000	13%
B: CTNM	209,000	864,000	1,323,000	2,395,000	26%
C: CTFA	0	2,810,000	2,594,000	5,413,000	59%
D: Winding Up	0	52,000	79,000	130,000	1%
Total	662,000	4,195,000	4,308,000	9,174,000	100%

Figure 2.2 Table 1: Distribution of membership by status and year, total values

Year	A: Open	B: CTNM	C: CTFA	D: Winding Up	Total
2012	2,785,000	6,505,000	3,309,000	210,000	12,809,000
2013	2,535,000	5,627,000	4,323,000	200,000	12,685,000
2014	2,319,000	5,421,000	4,459,000	186,000	12,386,000
2015	2,107,000	5,162,000	5,004,000	156,000	12,429,000
2016	1,749,000	5,238,000	4,619,000	181,000	11,787,000
2017	1,449,000	4,733,000	5,093,000	140,000	11,416,000
2018	1,570,000	4,211,000	5,368,000	92,000	11,241,000
2019	1,433,000	3,766,000	5,678,000	60,000	10,937,000
2020	1,567,000	3,406,000	5,588,000	93,000	10,655,000
2021	1,582,000	3,002,000	5,632,000	151,000	10,367,000
2022	1,379,000	2,772,000	5,573,000	72,000	9,797,000
2023	1,217,000	2,665,000	5,650,000	96,000	9,629,000
2024	1,119,000	2,513,000	5,656,000	136,000	9,423,000
2025	1,235,000	2,395,000	5,413,000	130,000	9,174,000

Figure 2.2 Table 2: Distribution of membership by status and year, yearly percentage

Year	A: Open	B: CTNM	C: CTFA	D: Winding Up	Total
2012	22%	51%	26%	2%	100%
2013	20%	44%	34%	2%	100%
2014	19%	44%	36%	2%	100%
2015	17%	42%	40%	1%	100%
2016	15%	44%	39%	2%	100%
2017	13%	41%	45%	1%	100%
2018	14%	37%	48%	1%	100%
2019	13%	34%	52%	1%	100%
2020	15%	32%	52%	1%	100%
2021	15%	29%	54%	1%	100%
2022	14%	28%	57%	1%	100%
2023	13%	28%	59%	1%	100%
2024	12%	27%	60%	1%	100%
2025	13%	26%	59%	1%	100%

Figure 2.3 Table 1: Membership by type and year

Year	Active memberships	Deferred memberships	Pensioner memberships	Total
2012	1,980,000	6,082,000	4,748,000	12,809,000
2013	1,684,000	6,174,000	4,827,000	12,685,000
2014	1,580,000	6,006,000	4,800,000	12,386,000
2015	1,511,000	6,045,000	4,873,000	12,429,000
2016	1,433,000	5,682,000	4,672,000	11,787,000
2017	1,237,000	5,575,000	4,603,000	11,416,000
2018	1,157,000	5,498,000	4,585,000	11,241,000
2019	1,006,000	5,317,000	4,588,000	10,912,000
2020	938,000	5,134,000	4,583,000	10,654,000
2021	844,000	4,995,000	4,526,000	10,365,000
2022	741,000	4,789,000	4,267,000	9,796,000
2023	683,000	4,632,000	4,314,000	9,629,000
2024	661,000	4,437,000	4,325,000	9,423,000
2025	662,000	4,195,000	4,308,000	9,165,000

Figure 2.3 Table 2: Membership by type and year (proportions)

Year	Active memberships	Deferred memberships	Pensioner memberships	Total
2012	15%	47%	37%	100%
2013	13%	49%	38%	100%
2014	13%	48%	39%	100%
2015	12%	49%	39%	100%
2016	12%	48%	40%	100%
2017	11%	49%	40%	100%
2018	10%	49%	41%	100%
2019	9%	49%	42%	100%
2020	9%	48%	43%	100%
2021	8%	48%	44%	100%
2022	8%	49%	44%	100%
2023	7%	48%	45%	100%
2024	7%	47%	46%	100%
2025	7%	46%	47%	100%

Section 3: Technical provisions funding position

Figure 3.1 Table 1: Estimated technical provisions funding figures as at 31 March 2025 by membership group (excludes schemes winding up)

Status	Assets (£bn)	Technical provisions liabilities (£bn)	Surplus (Deficit) (£bn)
A: 2 - 99	11.642	9.969	1.673
B: 100 - 999	94.608	82.853	11.755
C: 1,000 - 4,999	184.706	158.524	26.182
D: 5,000 - 9,999	139.088	117.842	21.246
E: 10,000 +	671.850	565.874	105.976

Figure 3.2 Table 1: Estimated funding figures as at 31 March 2025 for schemes in deficit by status (excludes schemes winding up) with a comparison to overall total for 31 March 2024

Status	Assets (£bn)	Technical provisions liabilities (£bn)	Surplus (Deficit) (£bn)
A: Open	4.5	4.8	-0.3
B: CTNM	71.1	78.4	-7.3
C: CTFA	70.6	77.7	-7.1
Total	146.2	160.9	-14.7
Total (2024)	191.7	210.0	-18.3

Figure 3.2 Table 2: Estimated funding figures as at 31 March 2025 for schemes in surplus by status (excludes schemes winding up) with a comparison to overall total for 31 March 2024

Status	Assets (£bn)	Technical provisions liabilities (£bn)	Surplus (Deficit) (£bn)
A: Open	156	114	43
B: CTNM	317	265	52
C: CTFA	482	396	86
Total	956	774	182
Total (2024)	1,032	827	205

Section 4: Public service DB schemes

Figure 4.1 Table 1: Balance of membership types in public service schemes

Membership Type	Memberships	Percentage of Total
Active	7,448,000	38%
Deferred	6,359,000	32%
Pensioner	5,977,000	30%
Total	19,784,000	100%

Figure 4.2 Table 1: Comparison of balance of membership types – public service and private DB/hybrid

Type	Active	Deferred	Pensioner
Public service	7,448,000	6,359,000	5,977,000
Private sector	662,000	4,195,000	4,308,000
Total	8,110,000	10,553,000	10,286,000

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